Cell References in Microsoft Excel
In this tutorial, you will learn about cell referencing usually used in formulae and functions.
If you want to add up two values entered by a user, you can add a formula in a cell and refer the cells where a user is going to enter those values.
Cell Reference can be Relative, absolute or mixed.
Relative Reference:
Relative Reference is a reference to the relative position of the cell that contains the formula and the cells to which it refers. When you change the position of the cell that contains the formula changes the reference.
By default, new formulas use relative reference. For example, if you copy a relative reference one cell down it will automatically change its reference.
Absolute Reference:
An absolute reference is a reference type in which when you move the formula, the reference does not change. it stills refers to the same cell. By default, Excel uses relative reference. To change from relative reference to absolute reference, use a $ sign like $B$4. Now if you write "=$B$4" in cell C3 and copy it to C4, it will stay same as "=$B$4".
Mixed Reference:
Mixed reference is similar to an absolute reference, the only difference is, instead of fixing a cell, it fixes a row or a column.
If you fix a column and copy the formula across the column, there will be no change but if you move across the row then it will like the relative reference. The same thing will occur when fixes the row.
Its syntax is "=$D4" for fixing the column or "=D$4" for fixing the row.
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